AI in scientific discovery was a central topic during a gathering of Nobel Prize winners held in Dubai as part of the World Laureates Summit, alongside the World Governments Summit 2026. More than 150 scientists, researchers, and Nobel laureates attended the event to discuss how artificial intelligence is reshaping modern research while redefining the role of human scientists.
Speakers examined how AI tools already support scientific work across multiple disciplines. They focused on how technology accelerates research timelines and expands analytical capabilities in laboratories worldwide.
How AI Is Accelerating Scientific Research
Nobel laureate Ardem Patapoutian highlighted how AI in scientific discovery has shortened research processes that once required years of effort. He referenced AlphaFold, an AI system capable of predicting protein structures in minutes. Researchers previously spent years performing similar work through manual methods.
Patapoutian explained that AI now supports data analysis, modelling, and hypothesis testing. He said AI tools integrate into daily scientific workflows across biology, neuroscience, and chemistry. However, he also stressed that responsible coordination remains necessary as AI adoption increases.
Limits of AI in Creating New Discoveries
Several speakers addressed whether AI in scientific discovery can generate original breakthroughs. Patapoutian said current systems primarily organize existing knowledge rather than create new scientific concepts. Nobel laureate Duncan Haldane shared similar views, noting that many historical discoveries emerged from unexpected observations rather than structured data.
Haldane added that AI systems depend heavily on published information. He said this reliance limits their ability to replicate the unpredictability of human reasoning. He also raised concerns about AI use in education, stating that excessive dependence could weaken learning and mentorship in science.
Human Insight Remains Central to Science
Nobel laureate Roger Kornberg emphasized that AI in scientific discovery remains constrained by the data it receives. He explained that major breakthroughs often arise from intuition, curiosity, and experimental risk. Kornberg also highlighted the need for sustained research funding to support long-term discovery.
Discussions throughout the summit reinforced a shared conclusion. AI tools significantly enhance scientific efficiency. However, human creativity, judgment, and ethical responsibility continue to guide meaningful discovery.
The Dubai event positioned AI in scientific discovery as a powerful accelerator, not a replacement, for human-led research.